Introduces key factors that juvenile court judges should consider in order to take a trauma-informed approach when newcomer immigrant youth come before them in juvenile justice cases. This primer discusses the definition of newcomer immigrant youth, case studies to provide clarity, the role of trauma in newcomer immigrant youth’s lives, pathways from trauma exposure to the juvenile justice system, traumatic stress within the juvenile justice system, legal implications of involvement in the justice system on immigration status, cultural considerations, how to strengthen protective factors, and what judges can do. The primer also includes a number of helpful appendices on the unique experiences of unaccompanied minors, Supreme Court jurisprudence, adolescent brain development, as well as glossaries.